تحلیل قدرت تبیینی ابعاد هوش‌های چندگانه گاردنر در پیش‌بینی عملکرد ریاضی دانش‌آموزان پایه هشتم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه ریاضی، واحد بین‌الملل اروند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آبادان، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد آموزش ریاضی، گروه ریاضی، واحد بین‌الملل اروند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آبادان، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی رابطه ابعاد هوش‌های چندگانه گاردنر با عملکرد ریاضی دانش‌آموزان پایه هشتم انجام شد. پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روش، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانش‌آموزان دختر و پسر پایه هشتم دوره متوسطه اول شهر برازجان در سال تحصیلی ۱۴۰۱-۱۴۰۲ به تعداد ۱۹۲۳ نفر بود که بر اساس جدول مورگان و کرجسی، ۳۲۰ نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از دو ابزار استفاده شد: پرسش‌نامه ۸۰ سؤالی هوش‌های چندگانه گاردنر شامل هشت بعد هوش منطقی-ریاضی، زبانی-کلامی، دیداری-فضایی، موسیقیایی، جنبشی-حرکتی، بین‌فردی، درون‌فردی و طبیعت‌گرا، و آزمون عملکرد ریاضی محقق‌ساخته بر اساس محتوای چهار فصل نخست کتاب ریاضی پایه هشتم. داده‌ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و استنباطی، شامل ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون خطی چندگانه، در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه ۲۶ تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین برخی از ابعاد هوش‌های چندگانه و عملکرد ریاضی رابطه معنادار وجود دارد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که مدل پیش‌بینی عملکرد ریاضی بر اساس ابعاد هوش‌های چندگانه معنادار است .(F( 8/311)=61/60 6,  p< 0/001)  و این ابعاد در مجموع توانستند حدود 3/61 درصد از واریانس عملکرد ریاضی دانش‌آموزان را تبیین کنند. در میان ابعاد مختلف، هوش منطقی-ریاضی قوی‌ترین پیش‌بین مثبت عملکرد ریاضی بود و هوش موسیقیایی نیز پیش‌بین مثبت و معنادار عملکرد ریاضی به دست آمد. در مقابل، برخی ابعاد در مدل رگرسیونی نقش پیش‌بینی‌کنندگی معناداری نشان ندادند. یافته‌ها بیانگر آن است که عملکرد ریاضی دانش‌آموزان با مجموعه‌ای از توانایی‌های شناختی و فردی مرتبط است و نمی‌توان آن را صرفاً به یک عامل منفرد تقلیل داد. بنابراین، توجه به تفاوت‌های فردی دانش‌آموزان و به‌کارگیری راهبردهای آموزشی متنوع می‌تواند در بهبود یادگیری ریاضی سودمند باشد. با این حال، با توجه به ماهیت همبستگی پژوهش، نتایج نباید به‌عنوان رابطه علّی یا تأیید کامل نظریه هوش‌های چندگانه تفسیر شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Explanatory Power of Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Dimensions in Predicting the Mathematics Performance of Eighth Grade Students

نویسندگان [English]

  • Naser haddadzadeh, 1
  • Arezoo Garmsiri, 2
  • ghasem rekabdar, 1
  • Sareh Zarif, 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, Arvand International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abadan, Iran.
2 M.Sc. in Mathematics Education, Department of Mathematics, Arvand International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abadan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to examine the relationship between the dimensions of Gardner’s multiple intelligences and mathematical performance among eighth-grade students. In terms of purpose, the study was applied, and in terms of method, it employed a descriptive correlational design. The statistical population consisted of all male and female eighth-grade students enrolled in lower secondary schools in Borazjan during the 2022–2023 academic year, totaling 1,923 students. Based on the Krejcie and Morgan sample size table, 320 students were selected through cluster sampling. Data were collected using two instruments: the 80-item Gardner Multiple Intelligences Questionnaire, measuring eight dimensions of intelligence, including logical–mathematical, verbal–linguistic, visual–spatial, musical, bodily–kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic intelligence; and a researcher-developed mathematics performance test based on the first four chapters of the eighth-grade mathematics textbook. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis, through SPSS version 26. The results indicated significant relationships between some dimensions of multiple intelligences and mathematical performance. Regression analysis showed that the model predicting mathematical performance based on the dimensions of multiple intelligences was statistically significant, F(8.311)=61.606, p<0.001, and explained approximately 61.3% of the variance in students’ mathematical performance. Among the examined dimensions, logical–mathematical intelligence was the strongest positive predictor of mathematical performance, while musical intelligence also emerged as a significant positive predictor. In contrast, some dimensions did not show a significant predictive role in the regression model. The findings suggest that students’ mathematical performance is associated with multiple cognitive and individual abilities and cannot be reduced to a single factor. Therefore, considering students’ individual differences and employing diverse instructional strategies may help improve mathematics learning. However, given the correlational nature of the study, the findings should not be interpreted as evidence of causality or as a full confirmation of the theory of multiple intelligences.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Multiple Intelligences
  • Gardner’s Theory
  • Logical–Mathematical Intelligence
  • Mathematics Performance
  • Academic Achievement
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 دی 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 بهمن 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 اسفند 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 فروردین 1405