نگاه هرمنوتیک به دکترین تئوپولیتیک اردوغانیسم در حکمرانی آموزش عالی ترکیه: مهندسی رفتار انسانی و تفکر شناختی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشکده علوم سیاسی،دانشگاه آزاد، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

با به‌ قدرت رسیدن حزب عدالت و توسعه در سال 2002، حکمرانی آموزش عالی در ترکیه دگرگون شده و رابطه میان دانش، هویت ملی و ارزش‌های دینی به‌گونه‌ای تازه بازتعریف شده است. در این روند، دانشگاه‌ها در چارچوب پروژه تمدنی دکترین اردوغانیسم قرار گرفته‌اند؛ پروژه‌ای که در آن تولید دانش، اخلاق اجتماعی و هویت سیاسی معنایی تازه می‌یابد.  پرسش اصلی پژوهش این است که سیاست‌های تئوپولیتیک اردوغان چگونه در اسناد، اصلاحات نهادی یا سخنرانی‌های رسمی بازنمایی می‌شوند و این بازنمایی‌ها چگونه به تغییر الگوهای فهم، ارزش‌گذاری معرفتی و رفتار دانشگاهی منجر می‌شوند. .پژوهش با اتکا به «هرمنوتیک گادامر»، مفهوم «تئوپولیتیک» و «عقلانیت حکمرانی»، حکمرانی آموزش عالی را فرایندی معنا‌ساز می‌داند که از طریق آن هنجارهای معرفتی و اخلاقی بازتعریف می‌شوند. روش مطالعه تحلیل کیفی گفتمان هرمنوتیکی است و متون سیاستی، سخنرانی‌های رسمی و اصلاحات نهادی مرتبط با شورای آموزش عالی ترکیه  در فاصله ۲۰۰۲ تا ۲۰۲۵ را تحلیل می‌کند. یافته‌ها چهار سازوکار اصلی را نشان می‌دهد: بازسازی «دانشجوی آرمانی» به‌عنوان سوژه‌ای اخلاقی-تمدنی؛ تمرکزگرایی در انتصاب رؤسای دانشگاه‌ها برای اعمال کنترل تفسیری؛ اولویت دادن به «حقیقت تمدنی» در بازتنظیم معرفتی؛ و شکل‌گیری حکمرانی اتمسفریک که وفاداری، دینداری آشکار و احتیاط گفتمانی را عادی‌سازی می‌کند. این سازوکارها نوعی «حکمرانی شناختی» ایجاد می‌کنند که تفکر و باورهای درونی را با تبعیت نهادی پیوند می‌دهد و به شکل‌گیری «هابیتوس تمدنی» و «پداگوژی تمدنی» در دانشگاه‌ها منجرمی‌شود؛ وضعیتی که در عین تقویت انسجام ایدئولوژیک، با الزامات نوآوری علمی و تفکر انتقادی نیز تنش‌هایی ایجاد می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Hermeneutic Analysis of Erdoğanism Theopolitical Doctorine in Turkish Higher Education: The Engineering of Behavior and Cognitive Thought

نویسنده [English]

  • Ismail Baniadam
Department of International Relations, Faculty of Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Since the Justice and Development Party’s (AKP) ascension in 2002,  Türkiye’s higher education governance has undergone a profound transformation, recalibrating the intersections of knowledge, national identity, and religious values within a broader  project of Erdoğanism civilizational doctrine.  The main research question is: How are Erdoğan’s theopolitical policies represented in policy documents, institutional reforms, or official speeches, and how do these representations lead to changes in patterns of understanding, epistemic value systems, and academic behavior.  Relying on “Gadame hermeneutics,” the concept of “theopolitics,” and “Governmental Rationality,” this study considers the governance of higher education as a meaning-making process through which epistemic and ethical norms are redefined.Through a qualitative hermeneutic discourse analysis of policy texts, official rhetoric, and institutional reforms related to the Council of Higher Education (YÖK) from 2002 to 2025, the study identifies four primary mechanisms: the reconstruction of the “ideal student” as a moral-civilizational subject; the centralization of rector appointments to maintain interpretive control; the prioritization of “civilizational truth” in epistemic restructuring; and the emergence of an “atmospheric governance” that normalizes loyalty, overt religiosity, and discursive caution. These mechanisms culminate in a form of “cognitive governance” that aligns internal thought with institutional compliance, fostering a “civilizational habitus” and “civilizational pedagogy” that, while bolstering ideological cohesion, creates inherent tensions with the demands of scientific innovation and critical inquiry.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Theopolitics
  • Erdoğanism
  • Higher Education
  • Behavioral Engineering
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 دی 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 بهمن 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 اسفند 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 فروردین 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 فروردین 1405